Refabricating post-Olympic Beijing

溶解和构建后奥林匹克北京

Laurence Liauw + Ray Wong + Andrew Yu 廖维武+黄颂威+余启昌
(supported by CUHK Year 3 students – Chen Yue, Li Jingwen, Wong Ka Wing) (支援: 香港中文大学3年级生-陈悦,李静文,黄嘉颖)

A. AN URBAN MANIFESTO OF BEIJING 北京的城市宣言

The 2008 Beijing Olympics have come and gone, acting as an event catalyst that has radically transformed ‘Old Beijing’ into ‘New Beijing’ with many questions remaining for the future planning of China after the Party’s over. After massive and costly infrastructure and iconic stadium development, Post-Event planning in the 3.75 sq km tabula rasa Olympic Green’s evolution of socio-economic and political-cultural urban life will demand new architectural strategies to sustain the city in a coherent manner. Future ambition beyond the mere spectacle of today (already yesterday), and baggage of the past, Beijing’s development has been reconfigured suddenly by these monumental Olympics at the cost of displaced citizens and urban fabric densification. The city could however sustain its future growth through new infrastructural landscapes and regenerating urban fabric, by allowing a dialogue with the rest of Beijing through density exchange. By challenging the monumental 2008 Olympic Park and intensifying it with future urban development, it is possible to ‘displace and disperse’ the landscape of the Olympic Park into the city to regenerate the rest of Beijing, for future generations. Could this be the dynamics between this dissolving Monumental Park and the Peoples’ City?

2008北京奥运已经结束，借这个契机“旧北京”完成了到“新北京”的转化。但在奥运结束后也有许多关于未来建设的问题暴露出来并尚未解决。拥有大量昂贵基建设施和代表性体育馆，总面积3.75平方公里的奥林匹克公园将会需求一种新的建筑规划策略以一种统一的态度去维持城市的发展，并将本身转化成为社会经济以及政治与文化为一体的小型都市。北京的未来决不只是眼下的光景（已是昨日）又或是过去的包袱。北京的发展模式和方向已经被突然重组的巨大纪念性建筑所改变。这些改变不可避免的造成了市民的动迁和城市肌理的密集化。但是，如果利用奥林匹克公园和北京城互相影响，交换密度分布，城市就可以采用新景观化基础建设和再构建城市肌理来自我维持和发展。因此，挑战巨大纪念性的北京2008奥林匹克公园并在其中发展城市建设，“取代和分散”奥林匹克公园的景观和北京市的城市肌理，并再生发展将成为可能。这将会成就纪念性公园和人民城市之间的动态发展么？

- Olympic Green becomes fully urbanized as City, not park
- 奥林匹克公园都市化,非公园

- Beijing Catalytic Urbanism is new land policy of dispersing landscape and re-fabrication
- 北京催化都市学是一种分散景观并再织的新土地政策

B. FOUR STAGES OF POST-OLYMPIC URBANIZATION: I. Dissolve / II. Urbanize / III. Disperse / IV. Re-Fabricate 后奥林匹克都市化的四个阶段: 溶解 / 都市化 / 分散再织

C.PART 1. DISSOLVING THE OLYMPIC PARK – THE DREAM FADES AND RETURN TO THE PEOPLE 溶解奥林匹克公园-梦想远去，还于市民

- Dissolving the Olympic Park / Landscape Infrastructure
- 溶解奥林匹克公园/景观基础建设

- Dispersing the landscape is dispersed / local scale fabric emerges and grows
- 分散景观/本土比例的肌理出现和生长

- Urbanization process of Mesh Densification evolves over time
- 网状密度随时间发展的都市化进程

- Fully urbanized urban fabric with monumental types
- 内含纪念样式的完全都市化的肌理

C.PART 2. FABRICATING THE CITY 构建北京城市

URBAN LANDSCAPE TACTICAL MODELS 城市景观策略性模型
topography / density / flow / materiality / geometry / solid - void
地形 / 密度 / 流线 / 材料 / 几何 / 虚实

- Growing Green Urban Umbrellas
- 可生长的城市绿伞

- Traditional Courtyard House and Hutong
- 传统四合院和胡同

- Infrastructural Solid-Void Massing
- 基础建设虚实体积

- Interchange and highway infrastructure
- 交通枢纽和高架

- Floating Stacked Green Clouds
- 浮空堆疊绿云

- Central Business District
- 商务中心区

- Diffrentiated landscape program bands
- 微分绿化功能带

- Capital City Public Institutions
- 首都公共政府机构

D. SUSTAINABLE IDEA FOR THE CITY 可持续发展的“城市观念”

Rome is a sustainable ‘idea for the city’ where generic fabric and monumental types co-exist
罗马拥有可持续发展的“城市观念”，在此一般的城市肌理和纪念性的类型共存。

BEIJING OLYMPIC PARK-CITY 2020
北京奥林匹克公园-城市 2020

Do the 2008 Olympics represent the apex of Beijing’s development or will the inevitable expiry of unsustainable types lead Beijing down the path of Rome, where monumental ruins become sustainable tourist attractions surrounded by generic urban fabric. This new urban paradigm and land policy of dissolving and fabricating could be implemented over next 30 years as Beijing becomes a truly global city with the ideological power to influence the production and evolution of other cities. A new ‘idea for the city’ would close the chapter on the 2008 Beijing Olympics and start a new phase in the future archaeology of contemporary Chinese urbanism.

2008奥林匹克将会代表北京发展的最高点又或是将北京引向罗马之路？在那里纪念性的废墟被一般的都市肌理包围转化为可持续发展的旅游景点。这种新的溶解土地并再织的都市范例和土地政策可以应用于今后的三十年间，并将北京转变为拥有意识形态的力量并可以影响其他城市生长和演化的国际大都市。一种新的“城市观念”为2008北京奥运画上句号，并将展当现代中国都市学的未来考古研究的新篇章。